{"id":5583,"date":"2025-08-11T20:06:17","date_gmt":"2025-08-11T13:06:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/materi.smkn43jkt.sch.id\/?p=5583"},"modified":"2025-08-11T20:15:45","modified_gmt":"2025-08-11T13:15:45","slug":"100-perintah-dasar-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/materi.smkn43jkt.sch.id\/?p=5583","title":{"rendered":"100 Perintah dasar linux"},"content":{"rendered":"

Berikut adalah 100 perintah Linux beserta fungsi dan contoh penggunaannya<\/strong>, dikelompokkan berdasarkan kategori agar mudah dipelajari.<\/p>\n

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\ud83d\udcc1 I. Perintah Navigasi dan File System (Direktori dan File)<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No<\/th>\nPerintah<\/th>\nFungsi<\/th>\nContoh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\npwd<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan direktori saat ini<\/td>\npwd<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nls<\/code><\/td>\nMelihat isi direktori<\/td>\nls \/home<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\ncd<\/code><\/td>\nBerpindah direktori<\/td>\ncd \/etc<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\ncd ..<\/code><\/td>\nNaik ke direktori atas<\/td>\ncd ..<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nmkdir<\/code><\/td>\nMembuat direktori<\/td>\nmkdir folderku<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nrmdir<\/code><\/td>\nMenghapus direktori kosong<\/td>\nrmdir folderku<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nrm -r<\/code><\/td>\nMenghapus direktori dan isinya<\/td>\nrm -r folderku<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\ntouch<\/code><\/td>\nMembuat file kosong<\/td>\ntouch catatan.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\ncp<\/code><\/td>\nMenyalin file\/direktori<\/td>\ncp a.txt b.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\nmv<\/code><\/td>\nMemindahkan\/mengganti nama file<\/td>\nmv a.txt b.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\nrm<\/code><\/td>\nMenghapus file<\/td>\nrm file.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/td>\nfind<\/code><\/td>\nMencari file\/direktori<\/td>\nfind \/ -name \"log.txt\"<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13<\/td>\nlocate<\/code><\/td>\nMencari file cepat (pakai database)<\/td>\nlocate passwd<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14<\/td>\nstat<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan info detail file<\/td>\nstat file.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15<\/td>\nfile<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan tipe file<\/td>\nfile file.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

\ud83d\udcc4 II. Perintah Melihat dan Mengedit File<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No<\/th>\nPerintah<\/th>\nFungsi<\/th>\nContoh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
16<\/td>\ncat<\/code><\/td>\nMelihat isi file<\/td>\ncat file.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17<\/td>\nmore<\/code><\/td>\nMelihat isi file per halaman<\/td>\nmore file.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18<\/td>\nless<\/code><\/td>\nMelihat file lebih interaktif<\/td>\nless file.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19<\/td>\nhead<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan 10 baris pertama<\/td>\nhead file.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20<\/td>\ntail<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan 10 baris terakhir<\/td>\ntail file.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/td>\ntail -f<\/code><\/td>\nMelihat log real-time<\/td>\ntail -f \/var\/log\/syslog<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22<\/td>\nnano<\/code><\/td>\nEditor teks CLI<\/td>\nnano file.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23<\/td>\nvim<\/code><\/td>\nEditor teks canggih<\/td>\nvim file.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\necho<\/code><\/td>\nMenulis teks ke file<\/td>\necho \"Halo Dunia\" > hello.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25<\/td>\ntee<\/code><\/td>\nMenyimpan sekaligus tampilkan output<\/td>\n`echo “log”<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

\ud83d\udc64 III. Manajemen Pengguna dan Grup<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No<\/th>\nPerintah<\/th>\nFungsi<\/th>\nContoh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
26<\/td>\nadduser<\/code><\/td>\nMenambah user baru<\/td>\nadduser siswa1<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27<\/td>\nuseradd<\/code><\/td>\nAlternatif adduser<\/td>\nuseradd siswa2<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28<\/td>\npasswd<\/code><\/td>\nMengubah password user<\/td>\npasswd siswa1<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29<\/td>\ndeluser<\/code><\/td>\nMenghapus user<\/td>\ndeluser siswa1<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/td>\nusermod<\/code><\/td>\nModifikasi user<\/td>\nusermod -aG sudo siswa1<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31<\/td>\nwhoami<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan user saat ini<\/td>\nwhoami<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32<\/td>\nid<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan ID user & grup<\/td>\nid siswa1<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33<\/td>\ngroups<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan grup user<\/td>\ngroups siswa1<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34<\/td>\ngroupadd<\/code><\/td>\nMembuat grup baru<\/td>\ngroupadd guru<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/td>\ndelgroup<\/code><\/td>\nMenghapus grup<\/td>\ndelgroup guru<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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\ud83d\udd10 IV. Hak Akses File dan Permission<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No<\/th>\nPerintah<\/th>\nFungsi<\/th>\nContoh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
36<\/td>\nchmod<\/code><\/td>\nMengubah hak akses file<\/td>\nchmod 755 file.sh<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/td>\nchown<\/code><\/td>\nMengubah pemilik file<\/td>\nchown siswa1 file.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/td>\nchgrp<\/code><\/td>\nMengubah grup file<\/td>\nchgrp guru file.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\numask<\/code><\/td>\nMenentukan permission default<\/td>\numask 022<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

\ud83d\udd27 V. Manajemen Paket (APT)<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No<\/th>\nPerintah<\/th>\nFungsi<\/th>\nContoh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
40<\/td>\napt update<\/code><\/td>\nMemperbarui daftar paket<\/td>\nsudo apt update<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\napt upgrade<\/code><\/td>\nMeng-upgrade semua paket<\/td>\nsudo apt upgrade<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
42<\/td>\napt install<\/code><\/td>\nMenginstall paket<\/td>\nsudo apt install apache2<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
43<\/td>\napt remove<\/code><\/td>\nMenghapus paket<\/td>\nsudo apt remove apache2<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
44<\/td>\napt purge<\/code><\/td>\nHapus paket + config<\/td>\nsudo apt purge apache2<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45<\/td>\napt autoremove<\/code><\/td>\nHapus paket tidak diperlukan<\/td>\nsudo apt autoremove<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
46<\/td>\ndpkg -i<\/code><\/td>\nInstall .deb file<\/td>\nsudo dpkg -i paket.deb<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
47<\/td>\ndpkg -l<\/code><\/td>\nLihat paket terinstal<\/td>\n`dpkg -l<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\napt-cache search<\/code><\/td>\nCari nama paket<\/td>\napt-cache search samba<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

\ud83d\udda5\ufe0f VI. Proses dan Sistem<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No<\/th>\nPerintah<\/th>\nFungsi<\/th>\nContoh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
49<\/td>\nps<\/code><\/td>\nLihat proses yang berjalan<\/td>\nps aux<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
50<\/td>\ntop<\/code><\/td>\nLihat proses real-time<\/td>\ntop<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
51<\/td>\nhtop<\/code><\/td>\nTampilan proses interaktif (perlu install)<\/td>\nhtop<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
52<\/td>\nkill<\/code><\/td>\nMenghentikan proses<\/td>\nkill 1234<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\nkillall<\/code><\/td>\nMenghentikan proses berdasarkan nama<\/td>\nkillall firefox<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\nnice<\/code><\/td>\nMenjalankan proses dengan prioritas<\/td>\nnice -n 10 script.sh<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55<\/td>\nrenice<\/code><\/td>\nUbah prioritas proses<\/td>\nrenice -n 5 -p 1234<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
56<\/td>\nuptime<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan lama waktu sistem menyala<\/td>\nuptime<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\nuname -a<\/code><\/td>\nInfo sistem kernel<\/td>\nuname -a<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
58<\/td>\nhostname<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan hostname sistem<\/td>\nhostname<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

\ud83d\udcbd VII. Disk dan Storage<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No<\/th>\nPerintah<\/th>\nFungsi<\/th>\nContoh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
59<\/td>\ndf -h<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan penggunaan disk<\/td>\ndf -h<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\ndu -sh<\/code><\/td>\nUkuran folder\/file<\/td>\ndu -sh \/home<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
61<\/td>\nmount<\/code><\/td>\nMelihat\/memasang sistem file<\/td>\nmount \/dev\/sdb1 \/mnt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
62<\/td>\numount<\/code><\/td>\nMelepas mount<\/td>\numount \/mnt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63<\/td>\nlsblk<\/code><\/td>\nMelihat info disk & partisi<\/td>\nlsblk<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
64<\/td>\nfdisk -l<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan partisi<\/td>\nsudo fdisk -l<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65<\/td>\nmkfs<\/code><\/td>\nMembuat sistem file<\/td>\nmkfs.ext4 \/dev\/sdb1<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

\ud83c\udf10 VIII. Jaringan<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No<\/th>\nPerintah<\/th>\nFungsi<\/th>\nContoh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
66<\/td>\nip a<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan IP address<\/td>\nip a<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
67<\/td>\nifconfig<\/code><\/td>\nInfo jaringan (perlu install net-tools)<\/td>\nifconfig<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
68<\/td>\nping<\/code><\/td>\nMengecek koneksi<\/td>\nping google.com<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
69<\/td>\ntraceroute<\/code><\/td>\nMenelusuri rute jaringan<\/td>\ntraceroute google.com<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
70<\/td>\nnslookup<\/code><\/td>\nCek DNS domain<\/td>\nnslookup google.com<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
71<\/td>\ndig<\/code><\/td>\nDNS lookup lanjutan<\/td>\ndig openai.com<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
72<\/td>\nwget<\/code><\/td>\nUnduh file dari internet<\/td>\nwget http:\/\/contoh.com\/file.zip<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\ncurl<\/code><\/td>\nKirim permintaan HTTP<\/td>\ncurl https:\/\/openai.com<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
74<\/td>\nscp<\/code><\/td>\nCopy file antar server<\/td>\nscp file.txt user@192.168.1.1:\/home\/user\/<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
75<\/td>\nssh<\/code><\/td>\nRemote login ke server<\/td>\nssh user@192.168.1.1<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

\ud83d\udd12 IX. Keamanan dan Firewall<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No<\/th>\nPerintah<\/th>\nFungsi<\/th>\nContoh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
76<\/td>\nufw enable<\/code><\/td>\nMengaktifkan firewall<\/td>\nsudo ufw enable<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
77<\/td>\n`ufw allow<\/td>\n Membuka port<\/code><\/td>\nsudo ufw allow 22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
78<\/td>\nufw deny<\/td>\nMenutup port<\/code><\/td>\nsudo ufw deny 80<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
79<\/td>\nufw status<\/td>\nLihat status firewall<\/code><\/td>\nsudo ufw status<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

\ud83e\uddf9 X. System Management & Maintenance<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No<\/th>\nPerintah<\/th>\nFungsi<\/th>\nContoh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
80<\/td>\nreboot<\/code><\/td>\nReboot sistem<\/td>\nsudo reboot<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
81<\/td>\nshutdown<\/code><\/td>\nMematikan sistem<\/td>\nsudo shutdown now<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
82<\/td>\nsystemctl<\/code><\/td>\nKelola layanan systemd<\/td>\nsystemctl restart apache2<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
83<\/td>\njournalctl<\/code><\/td>\nLihat log sistem<\/td>\njournalctl -xe<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
84<\/td>\ncron<\/code><\/td>\nMenjadwalkan tugas<\/td>\ncrontab -e<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
85<\/td>\nat<\/code><\/td>\nMenjalankan tugas sekali<\/td>\n`echo “shutdown now”<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
86<\/td>\nalias<\/code><\/td>\nMembuat alias perintah<\/td>\nalias ll='ls -lah'<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
87<\/td>\nhistory<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan riwayat perintah<\/td>\nhistory<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
88<\/td>\nclear<\/code><\/td>\nMembersihkan terminal<\/td>\nclear<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
89<\/td>\ndate<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan waktu<\/td>\ndate<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
90<\/td>\ncal<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan kalender<\/td>\ncal<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
91<\/td>\nuptime<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan waktu aktif sistem<\/td>\nuptime<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
92<\/td>\nfree -h<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan penggunaan RAM<\/td>\nfree -h<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
93<\/td>\nenv<\/code><\/td>\nMenampilkan variabel lingkungan<\/td>\nenv<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
94<\/td>\nexport<\/code><\/td>\nMengatur variabel lingkungan<\/td>\nexport VAR=value<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

\ud83e\uddea XI. Miscellaneous<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No<\/th>\nPerintah<\/th>\nFungsi<\/th>\nContoh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
95<\/td>\nyes<\/code><\/td>\nMencetak “yes” terus-menerus<\/td>\nyes<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
96<\/td>\nsleep<\/code><\/td>\nMenunggu dalam detik<\/td>\nsleep 5<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
97<\/td>\nwatch<\/code><\/td>\nMenjalankan perintah berulang<\/td>\nwatch df -h<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
98<\/td>\nbasename<\/code><\/td>\nMengambil nama file dari path<\/td>\nbasename \/home\/file.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99<\/td>\ndirname<\/code><\/td>\nMengambil nama direktori<\/td>\ndirname \/home\/file.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
100<\/td>\nxargs<\/code><\/td>\nMembaca input sebagai argumen<\/td>\n`cat list.txt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Berikut adalah 100 perintah Linux beserta fungsi dan contoh penggunaannya, dikelompokkan berdasarkan kategori agar mudah dipelajari. \ud83d\udcc1 I. Perintah Navigasi dan File System (Direktori dan File) No Perintah Fungsi Contoh 1 pwd Menampilkan direktori saat ini pwd 2 ls Melihat isi direktori ls \/home 3 cd Berpindah direktori cd \/etc 4 cd .. Naik ke […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,20,34,32],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/materi.smkn43jkt.sch.id\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5583"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/materi.smkn43jkt.sch.id\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/materi.smkn43jkt.sch.id\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/materi.smkn43jkt.sch.id\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/materi.smkn43jkt.sch.id\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5583"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/materi.smkn43jkt.sch.id\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5583\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5590,"href":"http:\/\/materi.smkn43jkt.sch.id\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5583\/revisions\/5590"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/materi.smkn43jkt.sch.id\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5583"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/materi.smkn43jkt.sch.id\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5583"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/materi.smkn43jkt.sch.id\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5583"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}